Attack cards are your Key Blades in this game. There are many types with different strengths and weaknesses. Attack cards are probably the most useful cards you will get in this game. Attack cards can be found while walking around A room or even bought in a Moogle shop.
Item Cards are Cards that reload other cards you have used with certain limitations. The Potion variety is used to reload Attack cards quickly and the Ether/elixir variety are used to reload Magic type cards quickly.
Friend cards are were simalar to the Summon cards in the magic catagory. But, friend cards only appear durring battle and some can only be used in certain worlds. There is a maximum of 3 friend cards in a world.
Enemy Cards assist Sora in battle. You must activate them by hiting select during battle and choosing one from your Deck. These cards all have a limit to how long they stay in use. The limit is usually a number of hits given/taken or a number of time reloaded.
Map Cards are used to form new rooms. To form a new room go infront of a door and hit the A button to hit the door with your keyblade. There are 4 types of Map cards. Red,Blue,Green and Gold. You can only have 99 map cards. After that they wont appear.
Premium cards are evolved versions of normal cards. Premium cards require very little CP, but can only be used once per battle no reloads allowed. Only attack and magic cards can be upgraded to premium cards. You can forfeit a Premium Bonus by pressing the B button.